A racialized society is a society wherein race matters profoundly for differences in life experiences, life opportunities, and social relationships.  A racialized society can also be said to be a society that allocates differential economic, political, social, and even psychological rewards to groups along racial lines; lines that are socially constructed.  (pg7)
Racial practices that reproduce racial division in contemporary America (1) are increasingly covert;  (2) are embedded in normal operations of institutions; (3) avoid direct racial terminology; and (4) are invisible to most whites (pg 9)
The median net worth of blacks is just 8% that of whites.  (pg 13)
Because “race” is a socially constructed, it is contested and redefined... Light-skinned immigrants, originally classified as distinct racial groups, came over time and through challenge to be reclassified as white, even while maintaining some ethnic distinctives.   Among dark-skinned immigrants from Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean, the struggles to avoid being labeled “black”.  We witness this process on a micro level.  An influx of Somalians and
other east African immigrants into the city in whith I [Emerson] live provides occasion for contact, and I see and hear their struggle to avoid categorization as African American.  On one occasion, a Somalian—far darker-skinned than the vast majority of African Americans—requested a ride from my friend, saying three times, “I am not black.”  The Somalian’s assumption—that he would not get a ride if he was defined as black—was learned quickly.  (pg14-15)
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